customize LiveCD

1. put LiveCD iso to home directory


3. make a temporal directory for mount ISO
# mkdir /tmp/LiveCD/

4. mount LiveCD ISO
# mount -o loop ~/CentOS-5.5-x86_64-LiveCD.iso /tmp/LiveCD/

5. make a tempral directory for custom LiveCD (for pack back into ISO)
# mkdir -p ~/livecd/cd

6. copy all file except squashfs.img
# rsync --exclude=/LiveOS/squashfs.img -a /tmp/LiveCD/ ~/livecd/cd/

7. make a temporal directory for mounting squashfs.img
# mkdir /tmp/squashfs/

8. mount squashfs.img
# mount -t squashfs -o loop /tmp/LiveCD/LiveOS/squashfs.img /tmp/squashfs/

9. make a temporal directory for ext3fs
# mkdir ~/livecd/ext3fs/

10. copy all file of squashfs.img to ext3fs (there is an ext3fs.img)
# rsync -a /tmp/squashfs/ ~/livecd/ext3fs/

11. make a temporal directory for custom LiveCD's /
# mkdir ~/livecd/custom/

12. mount ext3fs.img
# mount -t ext3 -o loop ~/livecd/ext3fs/LiveOS/ext3fs.img ~/livecd/custom/

13. chroot to ~/livecd/custom
# chroot ~/livecd/custom

14. mount /proc and /sys
# mount -t proc none /proc/
# mount -t sysfs none /sys/

15. you can customize your new LiveCD Now!!

16. umount /proc and /sys and exit
# umount /proc/
# umount /sys/
# exit

17. create a new empty ext3fs file and import all files in custom/
# dd if=/dev/zero of=~/livecd/ext3fs.img bs=1M count=4096
# mkfs.ext3 ~/livecd/ext3fs.img
# mkdir ~/livecd/newfs
# mount -o loop ~/livecd/ext3fs.img ~/livecd/newfs
cp -dpR ~/livecd/custom/* ~/livecd/newfs

18. umount ext3fs and newfs
# umount ~/livecd/custom
# umount ~/livecd/newfs

19. replace original ext3fs to new ext3fs file
# cp -f ~/livecd/ext3fs.img ~/livecd/ext3fs/LiveOS/ext3fs.img

20. umount squashfs
# umount /tmp/squashfs

21. umount ISO
# umount /tmp/LiveCD/

22. pack squashfs.img
# mksquashfs ~/livecd/ext3fs ~/livecd/cd/LiveOS/squashfs.img

23. pack iso
# cd ~/livecd/cd
# mkisofs -r -V "CentOS-5.5-x86_64-LiveCD-Custom" -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -cache-inodes -J -l -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o ~/CentOS-5.5-x86_64-LiveCD-Custom.iso .

Congratulation! you did it.

參考資料:
http://osdir.com/ml/linux.redhat.fedora.livecd/2008-07/msg00003.html
http://jeffreywt.com/open-source/linux/modifying-a-livecd-with-squashfs-tools

讓vnc與local畫面同步

http://world77.blog.51cto.com/414605/325637

進入single user mode

在開機選單grub裡,
kernel那行最後加上 -s開進去就是single user mode了, 可以passwd改密碼之類的
1. 當grub倒數時, 讓他停在選單

2. 按e, 編輯

3. 選到kernel那行 按e 編輯

4. 最後面加上-s, 然後Enter

5. 選到kernel那行 按b

在RHEL 建立 postgreSQL database

在RHEL5.4下 postgreSQL要先安裝好並啟動

service postgresql start

1. 不能直接用root來建立資料庫, 所以另外create一個OS的user
adduser jack
passwd jack

2. 建立/更改 OS user "postgres"的密碼
passwd postgres

3. 建立role (postgreSQL的)
su - postgres

createuser -d -a -P jeoff

logout

4. 建立資料庫 createdb
createdb jack

http://blog.vinceliu.com/2008/02/looking-for-postgres-configurations.html

安裝phpMyAdmin

OS: CentOS 5.4

抓最新版的phpMyAdmin 3.3.2

解壓縮, 放到 /var/www/html/

開browser, http://localhost/phpMyAdmin

出現須要PHP5.2+

用php -v只到5.1.x

用yum install php還是5.1.x

google找到http://blog.lilujun.com/post/1208/

首先在/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo 文件末尾添加以下代碼：
[c5-testing]
name=CentOS-5 Testing
baseurl=http://dev.centos.org/centos/$releasever/testing/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://dev.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-testing

保存此文件，執行yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=c5-testing install php

後, php到5.2.10

照http://wiki.phpmyadmin.net/pma/Setup
安裝完 phpMyAdmin後, 進http://localhost/phpMyAdmin
出現沒load mcrypt的錯誤
用yum install php-mcrypt後還是一樣 (已重開httpd)
用php -v發現load mcrypt失敗 (應該是mcrypt和php版本不相容)
用yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=c5-testing install php-mcrypt 即可解決

user & group

每個user有不同的權限
每個group有不同的權限
每個user可擁有多個group
每個group可包含多個group

設定檔:
/etc/passwd
/etc/shadow
/etc/group
/etc/gshadow
/etc/skel 目錄
/etc/login.defs
/etc/default/useradd


指令:
管理user,
useradd / adduser
passwd
usermod
sudo
..... 參閱 [1]
group管理,
groupadd
groupdel
groupmod
groups
... 參閱[1]


參考資料:
[1] http://www.linuxsir.org/main/?q=node/91